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Jonkunnu - Meet The Characters


An examination of Jonkunnu's evolution has led to the discovery of several characters, some of which are no longer in existence today. Jonkunnu characters vary from one part of the island to another. The origin of many of these Post Emancipation figures emerged from the local environment that included both African and Caribbean influences. These characters are as dynamic and diverse as the Jamaican people and our cultural heritage. 
 
Jack-In-The-Green
Jack-In-The-Green

Jack-In-The-Green is totally covered with leaves of the coconut palm making it impossible for onlookers to know in which direction he is looking. Some Jonkunnu groups include characters that represent every profession found in society. They wear the appropriate mask that reflects these professions. Some scholars believe that Jack-In-The-Green belongs to the gardener's group. His mask depicts the apst and future, death and life, in male-female terms, one with the eyes closed and the other open.  Because this figure is representative of vegetal matter, he can be easily camouflaged in his environment. This ability affords him the privilege of becoming an effective guard of the 'Set Girls'.

 
  The House Jonkunnu of the past wore a frightful mask and carried on his head a huge, elaborate house filled with puppets. The specific nature of the house carried by this figure attests to the origin of Jonkunnu.

The house was a replica of the architecture of the Great Houses, found in the Pre-emancipation era, which were symbolic of power, privilege and on the other hand, oppression - all plantation-Creole characteristics. This character is also called Jawbone Jonkunnu, which referred to an instrument accompanying him that consisted of the dried lower jaw of a horse. The teeth were made to produce a rattling sound by passing a piece of wood up and down its surface. Today, this character is known as Houseboat but his facemask is not as ghastly as it was in times past.

The House Jonkunnu
The House Jonkunnu

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